Arthur57: /* Sabayon Linux 並不是什麼？''' */

2010-02-17T13:08:08Z

‎Sabayon Linux 並不是什麼？'''

New page

{{I18n| [[Ca:Sabayon Linux|ca]] [[En:Sabayon Linux|en]] [[Es:Sabayon_Linux|es]] [[Fr:Sabayon_Linux|fr]] [[It:Sabayon_Linux|it]] [[Zh_TW:Sabayon_Linux|zh_tw]]}}

=Sabayon Linux 概觀=
== '''什麼是 Sabayon Linux''' ==

== Real World Equivalent ==

"Sabayon 是一道有名的義大利甜點，其傳統的做法，便是將蛋黃、砂糖和馬沙拉酒(Marsala wine)混合打發至濃稠後，溫熱著上桌。可以算是很清淡的 Custard,傳統吃法是灑在新鮮的無花果上."

請參考Sabayon英文wiki: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabayon Wikipedia].

== Real theory ==

Sabayon Linux is an operating system powered by the [http://www.kernel.org Linux kernel] and [http://www.gnu.org GNU]. There are many Linux flavors, but most geeks just call them distributions. We are a Linux distribution, though, and try to provide our users the best and most complete computing experience.

Our philosophy follows two simple statements:

''A)'' '''OOTB (out of the box) Functionalities''': There should be no problems and everything should "just work."

''B)'' '''KISS''': '''K'''eep '''I'''t '''S'''imple '''S'''tupid!

Moreover, to achieve this, Sabayon Linux uses [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentoo_linux Gentoo Linux] as its base. It is (and always will be) ''100% compatible'' with it. We are one of the most scalable distributions and are happy to support everyone from the most creative kernel hacker to the newbie. How? Because of point A above, and because Gentoo Linux is THE most extensible Linux distribution, no one can say anything to the contrary.

== Sabayon Linux 並不是什麼？''' ==

*他並不是『只有2進至包』的發行板。没錯，您將在半個小時內安裝完Sabayon Linux，並擁有一份強大的桌面系統。但是，與此同時，您亦可以用Entropy包管理系統去取得您所需要的2進至軟體(如果您不想編譯的話)，或使用portage進行軟件源碼的安裝及編譯。您永遠可以:
** 升級您目前安裝的系統藉由啟用Sabayon Linux安裝光碟的Update選項。
** Sabayon Linux的發行週期非常非常短，您可以緊跟潮流的步伐。爾若您只想使您的操作系統穩定、安全，使用''glsa-check'' 功能就可以了.

* It is '''NOT''' developed with politics in mind. This means that if we like an application over another, it's just because it could work better and be closer to our '''OOTB''' philosophy described above.

* It is '''NOT''' company-driven. We have always been users, and then developers. That's our power and our view. We only want something that works without Microsoft and their superficial operating system implementation!

* 他 "不是" Ubuntu! 我們不摹仿任何其他Linux發行板，而只取其精華。

== '''Sabayon Linux 和其他的 linux 發行板有什麼不同呢？?''' ==
* Sabayon 提供一個完整的全新體驗，他提供了預先安裝好的多媒體、驅動、遊戲......等軟件。(自Sabayon Linux 3.5 loop-3 起，您可以完整自訂哪些軟件不安裝)
* 很短的時間內會有新的版本。無論您是用portage或是entropy來管理系統軟體，您都可以很快速的獲得最新的軟體更新。
* 和其他由商業所支援的Linux發行板不同，Sabayon Linux完全由社群所支援，所以不必擔心背後被哪家商業公司操控。Sabayon Linux 的開發者來自許多不同的發行板，也因此他們著手建造這個由『使用者為使用者』所做的發行板。

== '''桌面截圖''' ==
您可以到以下的網頁來觀看Sabayon Linux 的桌面截圖:

[http://www.sabayonlinux.org/mod/screenshots/ Screenshots Gallery].

=Sabayon Linux Common Questions=
== '''Prerequisites and System Requirements for running Sabayon Linux''' ==

* '''Live 桌面環境 - 沒有 3D 效果桌面''':
** ''i586'' 處理器 ( AMD K5 和 Intel Pentium 以上)
** 至少 ''128MB'' 的記憶體 (建議256)
** ''2D'' 繪圖卡
** ''DDC 相容的螢幕''
** ''滑鼠'' 和 ''鍵盤''

* '''Live 桌面環境 - 3D 效果桌面''':
** ''i686'' 處理器 ( AMD K6 和 Intel Pentium II 以上)
** 至少''256MB'' 記憶體 (建議512 )
** '''OpenGL 相容的 3D 繪圖卡''' (比如 NVIDIA, ATI, Intel, VIA)
** ''DDC 相容的螢幕''
** ''滑鼠'' 和 ''鍵盤''

* '''安裝需求''':
** ''i586'' 處理器 ( AMD K5 和 Intel Pentium 以上)
** 至少 ''256MB'' 的記憶體(建議1GB suggested 來使用最新的3D桌面環境)
** '''OpenGL 相容的 3D 繪圖卡''' (比如 NVIDIA, ATI, Intel, VIA)
** ''12GB'' 的硬碟空間，這是DVD安裝的最少需求
** ''5GB'' 的硬碟間，這是 miniCD 安裝的需求
** ''聯接至網際網路'' (不是必須但建議)
** ''DDC 相容的螢幕''
** ''滑鼠'' 和 ''鍵盤''

''' Live-CD/DVD　上的密碼''':

* root 密碼:
root
* sabayonuser 密碼:
sabayonuser

== '''Boot Methods for special ways of using Sabayon''' ==

'''NOTE:''' ''Starting from SabayonLinux 3.2, all these options can be choosen without typing anything on the boot command line''

* ''Start the SabayonLinux Live system''.
sabayon

* ''Start the Graphical Installation''.
install

* ''Start the Text mode Installation''.
text-install

* ''Start the SabayonLinux Live system without proprietary drivers''.
genuine

* ''Start the SabayonLinux Live system without loading X.Org''.
console

* ''Start the SabayonLinux Live system with Internet Kiosk framework''.
internetkiosk

* ''Start the SabayonLinux Live system with Internet Kiosk framework + NX Client''.
internetkiosknx

* ''Start the SabayonLinux Live system in Debug mode (expert)''.
debug

* ''Perform a memory test''.
memtest

== '''Boot parameters ands workarounds for problematic Hardware''' ==

'''Sabayon Linux''' supports some extra features that can be enabled by adding the ''boot parameters below''. Moreover, you can tune the system to behave in different ways.

* '''lang''': set a specific localization
lang=fr_FR
lang=en_GB
lang=it_IT
lang=es_ES
* '''res''': set a specific resolution
res=1280x1024
res=1920x1440
res=800x600
* '''refresh''': set a specific Monitor Vertical Refresh Rate for X.Org
refresh=75
refresh=50-85
* '''hsync''': set a specific Monitor Horizontal Sync Rate for X.Org
hsync=64
hsync=28-110
* '''xdriver''': force X.Org to use a specific Video driver
xdriver=i810
xdriver=sis
xdriver=mga
xdriver=vesafb
* '''insmod''': force the loading of a specific kernel module
insmod=ndiswrapper
insmod=agpgart,gameport
* '''rmmod''': force the unloading of a specific kernel module
rmmod=ndiswrapper
rmmod=i2c,gameport
* '''sound=mute''': do not autoconfigure the sound mixer.
* '''nofreqscaling''': disable the autoconfiguration of CPU frequency scaling.
* '''noddc''': disable DDC Monitor autoconfiguration.
* '''session=''': autostart a specific Desktop Environment. Available kde,gnome,xfce,fluxbox,e16
** To autostart Fluxbox for example:
session=fluxbox
* '''music''': enable music during boot (experimental).
* '''autoscramble''': randomization of root and sabayonuser passwords.
* '''nox''': start the System without X.Org.
* '''legacy''': start with safe parameters - for legacy compatibility.
* '''noaccelmanager''': disable Acceleration Manager (for 3D desktop selection).
* '''noapic nolapic''': disable APIC (mostly used on some faulty bioses).
* '''gentoo=nohdparm nohdparm ide=nodma''': If the system hangs on hdparm service startup or your system does not have DMA Hard drives, try this.
* '''acpi=off''': disable ACPI completely.
* '''pci=noacpi''': disable ACPI for PCI maps (HP servers and VIA chipsets).
* '''floppy.floppy=thinkpad''': useful for some ThinkPad notebooks.
* '''all-generic-ide''': useful when your IDE CD/DVD Reader is not detected at boot
* '''vga=771''': useful on some wide-screen laptops. It forces a healthy framebuffer resolution.

'''NOTE:''' ''Feel free to add extra cheat codes.''

== '''Special features''' ==

'''Sabayon Linux''' supports some enhanced features, like the ''ability to surf anonymously'', ''Internet Kiosk framework'' and ''persistent home directory''.

== What is Tor/Privoxy ==

Just start with the boot option:
* '''tor''': enable the system to use Tor/Privoxy system to surf the web anonymously.

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor_%28anonymity_network%29 '''Tor (The Onion Router)'''] is a free software implementation of second-generation onion routing — a system enabling its users to communicate anonymously on the Internet. Originally sponsored by the US Naval Research Laboratory, Tor became an Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) project in late 2004. The EFF supported Tor financially until November 2005 [1], and continues to provide web hosting for the project.

Like all current low-latency anonymity networks, Tor is vulnerable to correlation attacks from attackers who can watch both ends of a user's connection. In a number of countries, including the US, various government agencies have access to connection data of a large number of internet service providers. Because of this, Tor is not suitable for protection against big-brother-like observation by those government agencies.

== What is Internet Kiosk ==

Again, just start with the boot option:
* '''internetkiosk''': enable Internet Kiosk mode (do not use this - use the command outside).
* '''nxclient''': used along with "internetkiosk" parameter, autostarts NX Client.

'''Internet Kiosk''' is an automated ''Internet navigation system'' based on Sabayon Linux, KDE and NoMachine NX Server/Client. You can not only surf the internet, you can listen to music across the NX network, burn CD/DVD from your terminal, print your photo, play 2D games, use your Flash Pen, write and read Office documents (OpenDocument and MSOffice ones).

* How it works:
** Internet Kiosk System starts if you meet these requirements:
*** A NoMachine NX Server available (that will be the real locked-in user desktop)
*** A Thin Client with NX Client or an OLD Computer with at least 192MB of RAM, a DVD Reader and 2MB of non-volatile memory like USB flash memory or IDE HD.

* There are two Operational modes:
** '''Internet Kiosk NX''': A memory device /dev/sda1 or /dev/hda1 must be available. This can be formatted in ext3, reiserfs, xfs, reiser4, ext2 or FAT32 (very important because most of USB keys are pre-formatted with this filesystem). If you don't have this partition, you can boot SabayonLinux LiveDVD normally and then use Partition Editor on the desktop (aka GParted) to create it. Priority is given to /dev/sda1. So, if you have /dev/sda1 and /dev/hda1, /dev/sda1 will be used. At boot time, init scripts change Default Desktop Environment to Fluxbox, stop some services, like SSH, Syslog, Clamav, FreeNX Server, and autostart NX Client with the configuration files created/stored (automagically by SabayonLinux) on our non-volatile memory. In addition, a script "startinternetkiosk.sh" can be placed on it and will be called in the boot runlevel. From 2.60.2, another script "startinternetkiosk_endboot.sh", can be called before X load and must be placed in the same directory of startinternetkiosk.sh.
** '''Internet Kiosk''': The difference is that it will only call "startinternetkiosk.sh" (boot runlevel) and "startinternetkiosk_endboot.sh" (before X start) from your non-volatile memory and no other changes are made.

== What is XsistenCe ==

* '''One Removable Device''' (USB storage) + '''Sabayon Linux''' = ''your data everywhere''. In other words, you can use your Home directory in read/write mode and your data will be stored on your external non-volatile removable device.
** Just have a previously formatted USB external disk (like a flash pen).
** A blank file called "xsistence-mode" on the root of the USB storage above.
** Some free space on it, at least 15 MB.
** Add "xsistence" boot option to enable it.
*** If the System detects a previously created image file, it will use that.
*** If the System does not detect an XsistenCe image, it will be created.
*** You can specify the size (MB) of it, by adding: "xsistence_mb=xxx"

* boot example:
sabayon xsistence xsistence_mb=100

== '''Gaming and multimedia capabilities''' ==

'''Sabayon Linux''' is the most advanced and complete Linux distribution when it comes to ''multimedia completeness and capabilities''. Use the parameters below only in ISOLINUX command line mode (no need to write those in ''Sabayon Linux 3.2'').

* '''quake4''': start [http://www.quake4game.com Quake4] playable demo.
* '''coldwar''': start [http://www.coldwar-game.com ColdWar] playable demo.
* '''geexbox''': start [http://www.geexbox.org GeeXboX] 1.0 Media Center.
* '''mediacenter''': start Sabayon Linux with [http://freevo.sourceforge.net/ Freevo Media Center].

== '''OpenGL and Accelerated Desktop''' ==

If you want to try to get your '''OpenGL Acceleration''' or your Accelerated Desktop to work ''in cases that it doesn't'', just poke with the commands below. You only need to add those parameters to the boot commandline.

* '''opengl'''
** Force the System to use a specific OpenGL subsystem, when autodetection fails.
example for NVIDIA (with NVIDIA Proprietary drivers):
'''opengl=nvidia'''
example for ATI (with ATI Proprietary drivers)
'''opengl=ati'''
example for X.Org Mesa implementation
'''opengl=xorg-x11'''

* '''agpgart'''
** Force the System to load the AGP driver, when the autodetection fails.

* '''noaccelmanager'''
** Disable the loading of the Acceleration Manager application.

* '''aiglx'''
** Enable AIGLX Desktop Acceleration and disable Acceleration Manager.

* '''xgl'''
** Enable XGL Desktop Acceleration and disable Acceleration Manager.

== '''語言支援''' ==

- DVD版本提供所有語言的支援(包含正體中文、簡體中文.....等)

- 在'MiniEditions''' 因為空間不足，所以只提供"英文"版本(當然您可以安裝後再進行中文化).

== '''MiniEditions是什麼？''' ==
是一款精簡化的Sabayon Linux.
小到一片 CD.就足夠了
包含了
Kernel 2.6.*
KDE 3.5.*
Fluxbox
和一些基礎的程序.

=Sabayon Linux specific Documentation=
== '''Package management, Security Updates''' ==
Please look here: [[HOWTO: The Complete Portage Guide]]

== '''Release Notes and solutions of problems for specific Versions''' ==

See the individual posts per release in the Press Releases section of the Sabayon Linux Forum.

Zh TW:Sabayon Linux - Revision history

Arthur57: /* Sabayon Linux 並不是什麼？''' */